What is consciousness? This question has baffled the traditional physicalist approach to science. Part of the reason is that reductive physicalism is flawed, as it fails to effectively frame complexification, systems, processes, and the difference between objective and subjective epistemologies. This article introduces a new philosophical approach called “Extended Naturalism,” which extends both our view of the physical world and our understanding of the mental domain and enables the puzzle to be effectively framed so that we can achieve a coherent picture of the whole.